Enhancing Territorial Competitiveness: The Role of Local Governance and Resource Mobilization in Moroccan Cluster Development

Abstract

Abstract

This research analyzes the phenomenon of business agglomeration in Morocco by identifying industrial polarization strategies and utilizing the theory of agglomeration economies. It examines the impact of territorial marketing, local governance, and resource mobilization on regional development.

The business network develops spontaneously to create lasting relationships based on cooperation and innovation. Agglomeration models, such as industrial districts, localized production systems, competitiveness poles, and clusters, demonstrate how geographic concentration and collaboration between businesses and institutions enhance economic performance and innovation. These approaches, inspired by international experiences, aim to strengthen territorial competitiveness and improve regional attractiveness.

After the end of the structural adjustment program, the Moroccan economy, which had been focused on natural resource exploitation and traditional production, needed structural reform to boost industrial development. Since 1995, Morocco has sought to modernize its industry by focusing on innovation and developing clusters and technopoles to enhance territorial competitiveness. Policies such as the Emergence Plan and the National Pact for Industrial Emergence aimed to energize key sectors and attract investments. However, governance and financing challenges persist, and continuous efforts are required to achieve the country’s industrial redeployment.

Local governance plays a crucial role in territorial marketing by attracting businesses and households through improved public services and strengthened institutional presence. Cities leverage their status to attract diverse actors and develop cooperative networks that enhance their economic appeal. Resource mobilization, including skills training, urban planning, and sector optimization, is essential for reinforcing this attractiveness.

The study will provide a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between territorial marketing, local governance, and cluster development in Morocco.  The problematic is centered around understanding how territorial development models like clusters and competitiveness poles can be successfully implemented to improve regional competitiveness, innovation, and economic growth, while addressing governance challenges, resource mobilization, social cohesion, and integration into global networks. The passage also suggests that the role of the state is crucial in shaping these processes, particularly in the context of industrial policy and territorial marketing.

Territorial marketing is a powerful tool that directly supports local governance by creating a positive image of the region, attracting investments, and enhancing the region’s economic attractiveness. A strong marketing strategy can help position a region as a competitive player in global and national markets, contributing to the overall success of governance policies aimed at economic development. Local governments should prioritize the development of cohesive and strategic territorial marketing plans that align with governance objectives (e.g., infrastructure development, foreign investment attraction, and job creation).

Keywords : poles of competitiveness; clusters; marketing positioning of territory; territorial actors; territorial marketing; marketing strategy.